Roger HartThe Chinese Roots of Linear Algebra

Johns Hopkins University Press, 2011

by Carla Nappi on July 27, 2012

Roger Hart

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Roger Hart’s The Chinese Roots of Linear Algebra (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2011) is the first book-length study of linear algebra in imperial China, and is based on an astounding combination of erudition and expertise in both Chinese history and the practice and history of linear algebra. Alternating among an interdisciplinary array of materials and ideas that range from the Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Arts to modern matrix theory, Hart argues for the importance of visualization to the solution of linear algebra problems in China in the years before Leibniz. In the course of a detailed and exhaustive account of fangcheng practice, Hart explores issues of primary importance to the history of science broadly writ, including the relationship and distinction between popular and elite knowledge, the challenges of inferring and extracting historical practices from the textual record, and the challenges of translating scientific terminology across the languages and cultures of the past and present. Hart’s book is a unique and standout contribution to the history of science in what have been called “non-Western” cultures, and our conversation touched on both the specifics of his study and the broader historiographical issues that his work speaks to. Enjoy!

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Joey September 9, 2012 at 11:21 pm

What a fascinating talk. Thank you, Dr. Nappi, for interviewing Roger Hart and drawing out broad themes from a topic–linear algebra in ancient China (!)–that would seem at first blush to only interest specialists. I love what Dr. Hart says at the end about how his research made him appreciate how progress in science is actually made, and how we are finding that it is far more fortuitous and serendipitous than is commonly thought–in other words, progress is not linear, to add to his puns about titling his book. In fact, the need to have a linear narrative is perhaps itself a bias in Western thought, which led us to ignore or dismiss other traditions which contributed to the way we view and measure our world. Certainly, the methods of Han-era fangcheng practitioners, which, apart from using a visual approach foreign to Western mathematicians, served a culturally-specific imperial need to impose order, could not fit into the view that scientific progress is driven by a rational ethos unique to the West. (Come to think of it, this view probably serves another culturally-specific need.) I like to think that Dr. Hart’s eclectic interests led him on a scholarly chase that spanned millenia and continents, perhaps itself reflecting the way that scientific ideas have been painstakingly put together–not as the result of inspiration, but of painstaking work done by many, often in unlikely places. Like the counting-rod chambers of ancient China.
Thanks again for a wonderful interview, Dr. Nappi!

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